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15.(9分)如图所示是某同学设计的气压升降机，竖直圆柱形汽缸用活塞封闭了一定质量的气体，汽缸内壁光滑。活塞与内壁紧密接触，无气体泄漏，活塞横截面积为S,活塞及其上方装置总重力大小为G=P,S,活塞停在内A壁的小支架上，与缸底的距离为H。缸内气体的热力学温度为T。,压强等于大气压强p。。现给电热丝通电，经过一段时间，活塞缓慢上升号。上述过程中，气体可视为理想气体，整个过程中封闭气体内能的变化为△U。求：(1)活塞恰好离开内壁小支架时气体的温度T。(2)整个过程中气体吸收的热量Q。活塞电热丝WW接电源5【答案】(1)T01(2)△U+4P,SH【解析】(1)设活塞刚要离开小支架时气体的压强为力，则G5p=p。十5=4p0(1分)设此时气体温度升高至T,该过程中气体体积不变，根据查理定律有(2分)(1分)(2)全过程中外界对气体做的功W=一pS·H(1分)解得W=一4D,SH(1分)由热力学第一定律有△U=Q+W(2分)解得Q=△W+4p,SH(1分)

第二节（满分25分)Helpless Rahul didn't understand what to do.Akhil got a rope and threw it down in water to Rahul.Rahul was unable to grab the rope.Just when the shark was about to swallow Rahul,Rahul got hold of therope and was pulled up by his friends."We would have loosen our dear friend if you hadn't caught therope",Samar continued,"maybe this was the reason that we should not have crossed the danger point."Allof them got up,overcoming from the shocking incident which happened a while ago.Everybody tried best,but the yacht refused to get started.Due to no network,none of them couldconnect themselves to the city for help.All of a sudden,Rahul heard a very loud sound of water.As heraised his head,he could see a high tide approaching towards them.Losing all patience,the boys startedshouting for help,but there was nobody who could come to their rescue.Just when the high tide was about toswallow the boys and their yacht,the engine started to function.Everybody safely reached their destination.评分标准：