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第Ⅱ卷第二节单项选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）41.my preference and habit.I have to admit that the best approachimproving English is to openour mouth.A.In spite of;ofB.Regardless of;toC.Despite;inD.As to;on【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：不管我的喜好和习惯如何，我必须承认提高英语最好的方法就是开口说英语。A.In spite of尽管：B.Regardless of不管；C.Despite尽管；D.Asto至于。第一空表示“不管”应用应用regardless of:第二空表示“，的方法”短语为approach to doing sth.。故选B。42.The instruments and musiciansdifferent functions::sustaining,modifying(修饰)，synthesizing(合成)and innovating,paired into two key types of roles-supporting and leading.A.take outB.take awayC.take onD.take up【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：乐器和音乐家承担着不同的职责：维持、修改、综合和创新，配对成两种关键类型的角色—辅助和主导。A.take out取出；B.take away带走，剥夺；C.take on承担，呈现；D.take up开始从事，占据。结合空后的“different functions”可知，此处指承担着不同的职责，故选C项。43.Ito help you with your homework but I couldn't spare any time.Ia composition last nightand I'll finish it today.A.wanted:have been writingB.wanted;wroteC.have wanted;wroteD.had wanted:was writing【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查过去完成时的特殊用法和过去进行时。句意：我本想帮助你做家庭作业，但我抽不出任何时间。昨天晚上我在写作文，今天我要写完它。一些动词，如expect(期待)，hope(希望)，intend(打算)，mean(打算)，suppose(料想)，think(认为)，want(想要)等，可用过去完成时表示“本打算（本计划、本希望、本认为）做而未做”，结合句意可知，第一空处指“本想帮助你做家庭作业，但实际上未能帮上忙”，用过去完成时形式had wanted表示“本想做而未做”；第二空中，根据句中时间状语last night可知，讲述的是过去的事情，再结合I'll finish it today可知，“写作文”这件事情在昨天晚上并未完成，因此应用过去进行时，表示动作当时正在发生，尚未完成。故选D项。44.-Why does the river smell terrible?-Because large quantities of rubbishthere,and we should alert the publicthe danger of it.A.have been thrown;ofB.has been thrown;ofC.has been thrown;toD.have been thrown;to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和介词搭配。句意：一为什么这条河散发着恶臭？一因为大量的垃圾被扔在那里，我们应该提醒公众注意它的危险。quantities of既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用复数，故排除B、C项；alert sb to sth“使意识到，提醒某人注意某事”固定搭配。故选D项。45.The mental problemsfrom a physical cause will eventually cause harm to the future life.A.arisingB.risingC.raisingD.arousing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由身体原因引起的精神问题最终会对未来的生活造成伤害。A.arising发生，产生：B.rising升起：C.raising提高；D.arousing激起。根据空格后的from和句意可知，此处是考查arise的用法“arise from.(由…引起)”，而“rise from”表示“从m…站起”、故选A项。46.-When did you arrivewe camped last Friday?-It was not until midnightit was raining hardA.where;whenB.which;thatC.where;thatD.which;when【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查地点状语从句和强调句。句意：+一你什么时候到上周五我们露营那里？一直到午夜，雨下得很大。分析句子可知，第-空为地点状语从句，主句和从句都缺地点状语，所以应用where;第二空考查强调句，即“itis强调内容that who+句子剩余部分”，强调内容指物时只能用that引导，此处强调内容是until midnight,所以应用that。故选C项。47.But a change,no matter howit was needed,didn't just happen in response to his cry.A.ultimatelyB.domesticallyC.instinctivelyD.desperately【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，无论多么迫切地需要改变，他的哭声并没有让改变发生。Aultimately最终，最后；根本上；B.domestically国内地；家庭式地；C.instinctively凭直觉地；直觉地：本能的；D.desperately不顾一切地：非常，极其。分析句子和选项中的四个副词可知，空格处的副词应该是修饰空格后的动词needed,根据句意只能是D项“desperately(非常，极其)”的意思合适。故选D项。48.After a serious flu outbreakout 99.4%of the world's population,a battle unfolds between good andevil among those left.A.wipesB.breaksC.rentsD.launches【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一场严重的流感爆发导致世界99.4%的人口死亡后，一场善恶之战在幸存的人中展开。A.wipes out彻底消灭；B.breaks out爆发；C.rents out租出；D.launches out出航。根据句意可知，严重的流感爆发应该是导致世界99.49的人口死亡。故选A项。49.The old professor insisted that the problem requiring paying attention toA.discussingB.being discussedC.be discussedD.discuss【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老教授坚持要讨论那个需要注意的问题。isst表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略，discuss与主语problem是被动关系，要用被动语态，故C项正确。50.There are actual things that canin every one of us,as to lead us to some sort of suddenly-foundidentity.A.make ends meetB.strike a chordC.fall into ruinD.make a getaway【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一些实际的事情可以在我们每个人身上引起共鸣，从而引导我们找到某种突然发现的身份。A.make ends meet收支相抵；B.strike a chord引起共鸣；C.fall into ruin陷入废墟；D.make a getaway逃走。由后文“suddenly-found identity”以及结合选项可知，B项“引起共鸣”最符合语境。故选B项。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)There are advantages of being smart.Smart people tend to live longer,and are less likely to experiencenegative life events.16 Ruth Karpinski's team carried out a study on members from Mensa,a high IQ society.Respondents were asked to report whether they had suffered from mood and anxiety disorders.The researchersfound Mensa's highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from serious disorders.To explain the findings,Karpinski brings up the hyper (body theory.It holds that being highlyintelligent is associated with psychological and physiological(生理的)“overexcitabilities'”,or OEs._I7This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.According to the theory,OEsare more common in highly intelligent people.They may overanalyze a disapproving comment,imagining negativeoutcomes that simply wouldn't occur to those less intelligent.18The results must be interpreted cautiously.Showing that a disorder is more common among people with highIQs than in the general population doesn't prove that high intelligence causes the disorder.19 All thesame,the findings cast new light on the link between intelligence and health.One possibility is that associationsbetween intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy(基因多s效性)，which occurs when a gene influencesseemingly unrelated characteristics.20 In a 2015 study,researchers concluded the association between IQand living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors.A Now there's some bad news for them.B.There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.C.Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind it.D.An OE is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.E.That may cause the body's stress response,further increasing the anxietyF.They found the respondents showed differences in mood and anxiety disorders.G.Chances are that people joining Mensa differ from others in ways other than just IQ.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明，高智商的人更容易患上严重的疾病。【16题详解】第一段中“There are advantages of being smart.Smart people tend to live longer,.and are less likely to experiencenegative life events.(聪明有很多好处。聪明的人往往更长寿，不太可能经历消极的生活事件)”提到聪明的好处，本段最后-旬“The researchers found Mensa's highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer fromserious disorders.(研究人员发现，来自Mensa的高智商成员更有可能患上严重的疾病)”描述了高智商可能使人患上严重的疾病，故A项“现在有一些坏消息要告诉他们”符合语境，A项中的“hm”指代上文的“Smart people”。故选A项。【17题详解】上文“It holds that being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological(生t理的)“overexcitabilities”,or OEs.(该理论认为，高智商与心理和生理上的‘过度兴奋性’有关，或称OEs)”提到OE的概念，结合下文“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可以包括任何事情，从令人震惊的声音到与他人的冲突)”可知，空处应是进一步解释OE,D项“OE是对环境威胁或滥用的一种异常强烈的反应”符合语境，下文中“This”指代D项中的“an environmental threat orabuse”,故选D项。【18题详解】本段是解释为什么聪明的人更容易患上疾病，根据上文“They may overanalyze a disapproving comment,imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn't occur to those less intelligent..(他们可能会过度分析不赞成的评论，想象那些低智商的人不会想到的负面结果)”可知，聪明的人会过度分析和想象，E项“这可能会引起身体的压力反应，进一步增加焦虑”承接上文，说明上文行为的后果，与本段主题一致。故选E项。【19题详解】根s据上文“Showing that a disorder is more common among people with high IQs than in the general populationdoesn't prove that high intelligence causes the disorder.(表明一种疾病在高智商人群中比在普通入群中更常见，并不能证明高智商导致了这种疾病)”可知，对来自Mensa的人的研究表明，Mensa的高智商成员更有可能患上严重的疾病，但这并不意味着高智商导致了这种疾病，G项“加入Mnsa的人很可能除了智商之外还有其他不同之处”提出另一种可能性，符合语境，故选G项。【20题详解】上文“One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy(基因多w效性)，which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics..(一种可能性是，智力和健康结果之间的关联反映了基因多效性，当一个基因影响看似不相关的特征时，就会出现多效性)”提到智力和健康之间的关系，下文“Ina20l5 study,.researchers concluded the association between IQ and living longer is mostlyexplained by genetic factors.(在20l5年的一项研究中，研究人员得出结论，智商和寿命之间的联系主要是由遗传因素解释的)”用研究证实这一结论，故B项“已经有一些证据表明这是事实”与上下文衔接紧密，故选B项。