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【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了海啸频发的国家从灾难中吸取教训，以降低海啸带来的危害。8.B推理判断题。根据第四段“What we can do..,of the tsunami wave,”he said.可知，他主要在谈论人类面对海啸的方法。9.C推理判断题。根据第六段“When the big earthquake hit Japan in20ll.possibly every500 years orthousand years,”he said..可知，是因为地震的规模超过预期，准备不足才造成了严重的损失。l0.B推理判断题。根据第七段These two events sent the countries..,for an effective response.以及第八段saidhis government now has plans for every disaster-prone city可知，这些国家都认为改进防灾准备工作可以减少损失。11.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了海啸频发地区的国家从灾难中学习，加紧审查和改进防灾准备工作，并提到了面临海啸风险的国家也在扩大其教育项目。D项（从灾难中吸取教训，预防未来的灾难）最能概括本文大意，适合作为文章标题。

When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha,a risky idea came to them.To keep themselvesfrom losing their footing in the rip current,they began holding on to one another to form a human chainextending from the beach all the way out to the struggling boys and Tabatha.They stayed linked tightly andmanaged to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand.However,that required morelinks-probably dozens of them.Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted,"Don't just standthere！Come and help.”By then,more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain.One byone,link by link,total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by the wrists,determined thatno one would die on that beach.At last,they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved!"Thosepeople on the beach are angels on earth,"said Roberta,showing her appreciation."Whether it is the first personor the last person in the chain,they are all our heroes,who helped get our family out of trouble."