38.(12分,每空1分)(1)光合作用固定的CO2总量释放CO2光照(2)基本不变(3)CO2CO2和C3(4)偏高叶绿体基质[H](或 NADPH)和ATP(5)光呼吸消耗了暗反应的底物,将其氧化后最终形成CO2释放出细胞,从而降低了光合速率不合理温度降低,酶活性减弱,光呼吸减弱的同时光合作用也减弱,达不到提高农作物产量的目的【解析】(1)根据图1分析,A为叶肉细胞吸收外界的CO2,而B+C的总和则是植物自身产生CO2的量,两部分的CO2都会被植物的叶肉细胞所吸收,AB+C即光合作用固定的CO2。从图形C可以推测植物存在另一个释放CO2的途径,该途径最可能是在光下发生的光呼吸。(2)若保持温度不变并在遮光前适当降低光照强度,B的面积表示这段时间内植物呼吸作用放出的CO2量,B将基本不变。(3)科学家认为,在高温、干旱和强光照条件下,植物为了减少水分的散失而大量关闭气孔,CO2供应减少,暗反应阶段减弱;结合图2分析,植物可通过光呼吸为光合作用提供的物质有CO2和Cs,因此光呼吸具有重要意义。(4)由于 Rubisco这种酶既能催化物质Cs和O2反应,也能催化物质C3和CO2反应,因此可以推测当O2CO2比值较高时,利于光呼吸而不利于暗反应阶段。C5和CO2发生反应,反应场所在叶绿体基质中,该植物在进行卡尔文循环和光呼吸时都需要光反应提供物质[H和ATP。(5)光呼吸消耗了暗反应的底物,将其氧化后最终形成CO2释放出细胞,从而降低了光合速率,所以光呼吸速率增强是导致光合速率下降的原因之一;温度降低酶活性减弱,光呼吸减弱的同时光合作用也减弱,达不到提高农作物产量的目的,因此不能通过降低温度减弱光呼吸,提高农作物的产量。

第二部分:参考范文was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer. How I wished I had not actedo foolishly, making myself a laughing stock of my family! I could well imagine how they wouldok when my head come out. Seeing my repeated efforts but in vain, Jason rushed out of theoom and turned to Dad for help. Seeing me caught in such a situation, Dad was unexpectedlysurprised, but soon surprise transformed into laughter. He tried my approaches, and eventuallymanaged to gt my head out by carefullythe pumpkin open with a knife. Just when I feltrelieved to be freed form the pumpkin, I suddenly found that mon should be shooting all thathappened to me and would upload it onlineThat video was posted online the Monday before Halloween. It went viral immediately. Justwithin hours, hundreds of likes and funny comments appeared, showing their enthusiasm.Constant streams of curious people even came by to take photos with us and my prized pumpkinJson was really excited and Mon was glad that her video should become such a hit and thus greweven crazier about shooting videos. But for me, though a little embarrassed, I soon totally forgotInforgettable"incident and set out for the trick-or treating. i would like to take it as a treat toadd joy and un to this festive Halloween for everyone.原作续写I was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer. The video cuts before myrescue Dad got me to push my head farther into the pumpkin so Mom could reach in and undonytail. I emerged withose plugged with pulp(糊状物)hat Facebook video went up the Monday before Halloween, and by the end of that day it hadover 1.000People asked MonYou Tube, and by wednesdaygetting 5then the international me.- the video startedracking up hundreds of thousands of views. When I went on a youth camp, I was rebychildren I've never net. The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. Passers-by and trick-orwould knock and ask, "which is Rachel's pumpkin? "before taking selfies with itAlthough our pumpkin carving the following year was a more sedate affair, I wouldn't sayhide-and-seek and became hopelessly jammed It was Dad who responded to my cries for achorearned my lesson. A few months later I squeezed myself into a laundry basket during a game

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